Internal-combustion engine.



BATENTED JULY 31, 1906. A. ,B.G00DSPEED.

-' INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

:APPLIOATION IILBD APE. 8;];905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

PATENTED JULY 31, .1906.

' No. 827,802. I

A. 'B. GOODSPEED. INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE.

APPLICATION FILED APB.8, 1905.

a SHEETS-SHEET a.

RTHUR B. eoonsrnnn; or RosEvILLE, I innusrernn DEVELOPMENT COMPANY, ,oonroenrion AOFNEW .YORK.

Application'iiled April To all whence it maiy'concerri: I Be it known that I, ARTHUR B. Goon? SPEED, acitizen of the UnitedStates', residing in Roseville, in the State of New Jersey, have invented certain new an'dhuseful Improve ments in Internal Combustion Engines, of which the'following is a specification, reference-being had to the'accoinpanyi'ng drawings, forming'a part hereofi I 7 tion engines of the type" 1 as a compressor in Thisinvention relates tointernal-combus- 'in-whioh the crankeham'ber of the engineis inclosed and serves which air Whichis employed inithe operation of the engineis put type are usnall underaninitial.pressure. As engines of this ofv the "inclose I large'relation'to the volume displaced by the gree of compression attained in the crankchamber iscomparatively'small and is'mate rially less than the degree of pressure which ht beused to advantage. I

- t is thereforejone of the objects of-this in- 'ventionto improve the construction-ofen-' ines of this typejin'such a manner as toreucematerially the j'comparative volume of" the inclosed crank-chamber,- so that a higher degree of compression therein can be; ob-,

tained. e

Other objects of the invention are-to pro-f vide' forth e convenient assembling of the'various" parts of the engine, to securea proper degree'oi's'trength and rigidity for the frame of the enginenotwithstanding the reduction in volume of the 'crank chamber, and otherwise t'oj'improve objects above stated.

' hereinafter; with reference to the accompanymg drawings, in which for the purposes of I lanation of the nature of the invention ll) 1s 1 lustrated as embodied in a convenient and practical form.

In the drawings, Figure 1 is avicwin side elevation of an engine which embodiesthe present invention. Fig. 2 is a view invertical section on the plane indicated by the line 2 2 of Fig. Fig. 3 is a view in vertieal'seciIion on thepla'nc indicated by the line 3 3 of 1g; 2.. lower portion of the engine with the eon- Specification of Letters Patent. I

e 1905. Serial N6. 254.426.

constructed thetotal volume I crank-chamber bears such a I the construction, particu. larly with reference to the attainment of the The invention will be more fully explained NEW JnRsEr, ASSIGNOR TO ore-new roan. N. Y.,'A

l-NTERNAL -COMBUSTIQN ENGINE,

Patented. July 31, iefoe,

traeted distance piece removed. Fig. '5 is a detailed view in vertical section of the dis-.

tahc'e-piece.

The engine to which the present invention I is shown in the accompanying drawings to be applied is ofthe same general construction andoperati'on as the enginewhich is fully shown and described in application for Letters' Patent of: the United States, Serial No. 202,720, filed April 12,1904.

The'details of construction and operation are not necessary to be explained at length .herein, since the present improvement is ap-. plicab'le to any engine'in which the crankchamber, is inclosedto serve as a compressor.

The g'eneral features of construction, however, will be briefly-referred to. Theen'gine A with: a' compression-cylinder A intandem therewith; while the piston B has an enlarged ortion B to fit the compression-cylinder A I he piston is connected by a pitman C With the crank-pin of the usual divided cranksh-aft'C which has its bearings inthe side vided. with. a suitable inlet-valve w and may be connected by aduct a with an air-inlet port a, formed'in the wall of the working cylinder A and arranged to be unooveredby the w is represented-as having a-Working cylinder forward movement-ofthe piston that the dewallsofthe crank-chamber, as hereinafter 'dGSCI'ibGCl. Y The erank chamber may be'pror piston Has it approaches the limit of its for- I 8 5 duce'the volume in which compression can take place and increase the degree of compression. I ably has a sector 0, which 1s removable for a .purpose presently to be describedand may be secured in place by screws 0. I a

- The eran'h-sh'ait (3' has its hearings in suit- Y ach of such crank-disks prefer-- able bearing-pieces a", eccenlrically disposed in circular plates A, -\vhich form the end Fig. 4 is a view in elevation of tho' 'plates of the lower portion of the crank-cas ing A the openings closed by said plates being of su'lli-eient dianietcr to permit the introduction of the crank-disks The end plates are suitably flanged, as at A, to make a close fit withthe casing A, the 'llangcs be ing provided with bolts a to engage the easing A and secure the end plates in position. The plates are also dished, as clearlyshown in Fig. 3, in order that they may approach closely to the adjacent faces of the crank-disk C3, leaving as little space as consistent with free movement. In the bottom of the casing A is formed a manhole or hand-hole, provided with a suitable cover A, secured to the casing by bolts to make a tight joint, as usual. When the engine is to be assembled, the crankshaft is introduced through the casing With the disks C thereon, and is then lifted to raise the disks into the recesses 22 The end plates A are then applied to the crank-shaft, rotated to bring the bearingboxes to their highest positions, and then slipped into their seats in the casing and secured by bolts a If desired, lune-shaped filling-pieces a may be introduced through the hand-holeA to partly iill the space beneath the crank-disks C and still further reduce the volume of the crank-chamber, which, as will be seen, leaves )ractically little more air-space within the lower portion A of the crank-chamber than is necessary for the movement of the crank C and pitman (J.

In engines of this general type, as gener ally constructed, the cylinder is-extended to meet the main portion of the crank-casing, whereby a considerable air-space is formed. In the present case, however, the portion of the engine-casing between the cylinder, or that part which is actually traversed by the piston and the crank-casing proper, is formed as an indepenent part P, which while forming a part of the engine-casing and a part of the crank-chamber, is otherwise a mere distance-piece. As shown, it is formed at one end, as p, to conform to the end of the cylindrical portion of the engine-easingthat is, to the compressioncylinder Athe meeting portions being suitably flanged, as at 1/, so that they may be secured together by bolts 19 At its other end the intermediate portion P is suitably formed and flanged, as at p, to conform to the upper portion of the crankcasing A and to be secured thereto by bolts 7/. Between the two end portions p and p this intermediate portion is flattened, as clearly shown inv Fig. 3, to conform somewhat closely to the path of the pitman (J, so that the air-space in which compression can take place is reduced to a practical minimum. The inlet-valve a is preferably located in the intermediate casing P, as shown in Fig. 2, the opening in which such inlet-valve is secured being of such size as to serve as a hand-hole in the assembling of the engine. The flanged base 19 of the portion P is raised and recessed somewhat, as shown at p in. Figs. 3 and 5, to accommodate the crank-disks 0-" when they are raised to their highest positions, as shown in Fig. 3. It will also be observed upon reference to said figure that the crank-disks 1 length as rise above the line of union between the easing P and the casing A and as the casing P must be capable of removal when the crank-disks are in position the removable sectors 0, previously referred to, are provided. Through the hand-hole formed to receive the inlet-valve a the screws 0' can be applied to or removed from the sectors 0 and the sectors themselves be applied to or removed from the crank-disks.

The intermediate portion or distance-piece P of the casing is not of such form'as to properly support the parts above itin an engine of the type shown in the drawings without being made unduly heavy, and, moreover, must be capable of removal independently of the parts above and beloi Y it in order to permit the convenient assembling of the engine. Accordingly, independent provisions must be made for the support of the working cylinder A and compression-cylinder A from the base and crank-ehamber A To this end outside rods Q are provided for the support of the compression-cylinder A and the working cylinder A from the base A such rods being suitably spaced to permit the withdrawal of the portion P of the engine-casing. The rods engage the head. of the crank-shaft casing A as at g, and suitable lugs, as at q, projectin from the casing A, the rods being threade toreceive nuts, as at q, below the head g, and as'at g and 1*, below and above the lugs By proper rotation of the nuts (1 below the lugs q the upper portion of the casing can be raised slightly, so as to relieve the portion P and permit it to be withdrawn readily.

For the convenient assembling of the engine the working piston B is made in two parts I) and b. The lower part b is formed with the compression-piston B, is ehambored to receive the upper end of the pitman C, and is a ertured laterally to receive the pin 0 which also passes through the head of the pitnian. with hand-holes, as at a, through which the pin 0 can be inserted when the aperturein the piston and the head of the pitman-rod are brought into line therewith, suitable covers being provided for these hand-holes, as will' be understood. The upper ortion b of the piston is suitably fornied to it upon the end of the portion 11 and'is held in place by a bolt which is inserted through the axial inlet-port m in the head of the cylinder.

In assembling the engine shown in the drawings the upper portion A A of the easing is raised to position above the lower portion or crank-shaft casing A and the supporting-rods Q are placed in position, the nuts g 1 being so adjusted as to hold the upper portion of the casing slightly above its normal position. The portion 1) of the piston is then inserted and raised into the cylinder, followed by the portion 1), which is of such The engine-casing is provided to permit it to be readily intro- 1 o -du ced between the upper and lower po rtions f of the casing. When the portion 1; isibrought to proper position, the pitman-rod C is inserted, having first been passed through the distance-piece or intermediate portion P, and the pin a is put in place.

' or intermediate portion P'may then be secured in position. The crank-shaftC with the crank-disks C fixed thereon, but without the sectors 0, is-inserted through the'openings of the crank-shaft casing and lifted, as before-described, and the end plates are ro- ---'tated to bring the bearing-boxes uppermost and secured imposition by the application of the bolts of. The lower end of the pitman- .rod is connected to the crank-pin O, and the sectors c-are applied to the crank-disks', the

. from t hand-hole of' the inlet a permitting the work to be done, and ,thelune-shaped filling-pieces a are inserted throughthe and-hole at A,

"if desired. In removing the distance-piece 1pitman 0, having been disconnected e crank-pin and from the iston, is

P the dropped down through the han hole- A until its upper end is below the lower end of the distance-piece P, thereby permitting the distance-piece'to bewithdrawn. I

It will be evident that with such a structureas that shown in'the drawings and described above the air-space inthe inclosed crank-chamber and connections is reduced thestrength ofLt as compared with that of internal-combustion-engines as usually constructed, so that the degree of compression which can be obtained is relativel high. At the same time served and convenience in assembling is promoted. It will be understood, of course, that it is not intended to limit the invention to the v as the details thereof can be varied to suit precise construction shown in the drawings,

different conditions .of use.

I clann as my 1nvent1on 1 a i 1; In an'internal-combustion engine, the

combination of a ciylinder, crank-'casing,. a

piston, a crank-she t, "a connecting'-rod,.an

intermediate portion of. the casing having its ends "conformed to the cylinder portion and the crank-casingrespectively, and thepor tion between its ends reduced in width to conform tothe path of the c'onnectin' -rod,

and supportin -rods secured to the cy inder portion and t e crank-casing respectively,. substantially as described.

" 2. In an internal-combustion engine, the

combination of a casing comprising a cylinder portion, a crank-casing and an intermediate removable portion and a piston of greater length than said removable portion The distance-piece means to secure said :rod thereto, and theother and formed in two parts with means to Sc-- 3. In an internal-combustion. engi i'ie, the comblnation of a casing comprising a cylinder portion, a crank-casing and a removable intermediate portion, supporting-rods se cured to said cylinder portion and said cranlr' portion respectively and a piston having a length greater than the length ofsaid removable portion-and formed in'two parts with tially as described.

4. In an internal-combustion engine, the combination of a casing comprising a working cylinder portion and a compression-cylcure said parts together, substantially as do scribed.

parts together, substan inder portion in'tandem therewith, a'crankthe remainderof the working piston, substant'ially as described.

. 5. In an internal-combustion engine, the

combination of a casing "having a closed ings forthe crank-shaft disposed eccentrically therein, substantiall Jas described. 6. In an internal-com ustion engine the combination 'offa casing having a closed "crank-chamber with open circular-ends and end'plates adapted to rotate in said open ends and having eccentrically-disposed bearingsbfeir the crank-shaft, substantially as. deson e 7. In an internal-combustion engine, the loo combination of a casing comprising a cylinder portion, a crank-casing and a removable intermediate I ortion,supporting-rodssecured to said cyhn' erportlon and crank-casmg respectivelvla crank-shaft with crank-disks" t ereon and .means to support said crankshaft with the crank-disks projected above the plane of union between the crankcasing crank-chamber with open ends and end plates adapted to said ends and provided with bearand the intermediate portion, said oranksaid intermediate portion of the casing may be removed or replaced while the crank-shaft is in position, substantially as described.

. This s ecification -signed and. witnessed ay of April,'A. 1905. 3 ARTHUR B..G OODSPEED. In presence of- ANTHONY NzJESBERA, W. B. GREELEY.

this 5th disks having removable sectors, whereby 

